Jaundice in the ICU is a frequent yet complex clinical issue, reflecting a spectrum of underlying hepatic and systemic disorders. It is defined by the yellowish discoloration of the skin and sclera due to elevated bilirubin levels, typically noticeable when serum bilirubin exceeds 2.5–3 mg/dL. Jaundice can be a marker of liver dysfunction, systemic infections like sepsis, or other critical illnesses, requiring a systematic approach to diagnosis and management. This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the pathophysiology, diagnostic strategies, and management of jaundice in critically ill patients [1, 2]. [Ref: Algorithm 46.1].