Mencius was one of pioneers in developing the Confucian theory of mind and nature. Confucius’ discourses about man’s nature, and the way of Heaven, cannot be heard” (Legge 2011), while Mencius made the concept of “good nature (XingshanXingshan)” the core and starting point of his thought. His social ideals of “benevolent governance (RenzhengRenzheng)” and “kingship ( WangdaoWangdao),” as well as his personal ideals of “knowing words to nourish vital energy (ZhiyanyangqiZhiyanyangqi)” and “cultivating character with inner accumulation (CunxinyangxingCunxinyangxing),” are all based on the idea that “human nature is inherently good (XingbenshanXingbenshan).” Like Confucius, Mencius’ literature and art theory is close to his overall ideology.