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Air pollution is a critical problem of recent time. One of the most powerful contributors to air pollution is atmospheric particle pollution; hence its study is gaining importance all over the world. The radiative characteristics of the atmosphere, which in turn impact the Earth’s heat budget and climate, have been found to be controlled by particles. Long time exposure to particulate matter results in acute respiratory diseases in human and grave impacts on the ecosystem. The Northeast India along with the Brahmaputra Valley has diverse physical and climatic features. The climatic conditions experienced in this region are different from the mainland India. Therefore, meteorology is crucial in determining the atmospheric particle behavior of the Brahmaputra valley. There is a research gap with regard to long-term study of atmospheric particles from this region. The spatial–temporal behavior of particulate matter and black carbon has been documented from different regions of India. However, study of diurnal, seasonal temporal pattern of atmospheric particles from the north-eastern part of India is rather sparse. Monitoring atmospheric particles through ground monitoring equipment is quite costly and hence difficult to install in large numbers. When ground monitoring resources are unavailable, satellite data can offer information on air quality in those areas and fill in the spatial gaps left by them. The chapter documents the monitoring of atmospheric particle behavior over a rural site situated amidst a number of small hillocks in Mid-Brahmaputra Valley, in various seasons using ground-based in-situ measurements of particulate matter by a Beta Attenuation Monitor and black carbon by a seven-channel Aethalometer, as well as remote sensing observations such as Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite. This research may find use since aerosol monitoring provides a database that can be used to inform policy decisions about reducing air pollution and enhancing public health initiatives. The study’s findings can be used as input to create models of climate change.

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Satellite Remote Sensing Techniques for Air Quality Monitoring in the Mid-Brahmaputra Valley of Northeast India

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Nivedita Barman

摘要

Air pollution is a critical problem of recent time. One of the most powerful contributors to air pollution is atmospheric particle pollution; hence its study is gaining importance all over the world. The radiative characteristics of the atmosphere, which in turn impact the Earth’s heat budget and climate, have been found to be controlled by particles. Long time exposure to particulate matter results in acute respiratory diseases in human and grave impacts on the ecosystem. The Northeast India along with the Brahmaputra Valley has diverse physical and climatic features. The climatic conditions experienced in this region are different from the mainland India. Therefore, meteorology is crucial in determining the atmospheric particle behavior of the Brahmaputra valley. There is a research gap with regard to long-term study of atmospheric particles from this region. The spatial–temporal behavior of particulate matter and black carbon has been documented from different regions of India. However, study of diurnal, seasonal temporal pattern of atmospheric particles from the north-eastern part of India is rather sparse. Monitoring atmospheric particles through ground monitoring equipment is quite costly and hence difficult to install in large numbers. When ground monitoring resources are unavailable, satellite data can offer information on air quality in those areas and fill in the spatial gaps left by them. The chapter documents the monitoring of atmospheric particle behavior over a rural site situated amidst a number of small hillocks in Mid-Brahmaputra Valley, in various seasons using ground-based in-situ measurements of particulate matter by a Beta Attenuation Monitor and black carbon by a seven-channel Aethalometer, as well as remote sensing observations such as Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) onboard the Terra satellite. This research may find use since aerosol monitoring provides a database that can be used to inform policy decisions about reducing air pollution and enhancing public health initiatives. The study’s findings can be used as input to create models of climate change.