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The impact of population aging on the pension system is primarily manifested in the threefold challenge of shrinking labor supply, a declining contribution base, and rigidly growing pension expenditures. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the proportion of people aged 65 and over in China surged from 9.7% in 2013 to 15.4% in 2023, and it is expected to exceed 37% by 2050, thus forming a “super-aged” society.

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Reasons for Reforming the Pension System

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Tao Wang,
  • Ke Gao,
  • Ennan Zhao

摘要

The impact of population aging on the pension system is primarily manifested in the threefold challenge of shrinking labor supply, a declining contribution base, and rigidly growing pension expenditures. According to data from the National Bureau of Statistics, the proportion of people aged 65 and over in China surged from 9.7% in 2013 to 15.4% in 2023, and it is expected to exceed 37% by 2050, thus forming a “super-aged” society.