Radiation safety in dental radiology is essential for ensuring that diagnostic imaging is performed with maximum clinical benefit and minimal biological risk. Although dental radiographic examinations deliver relatively low doses, their high frequency and cumulative nature require stringent adherence to scientific, technical and regulatory protection frameworks. This chapter provides a comprehensive, evidence-based overview of radiation protection principles applicable to dental imaging, including justification, optimization, and dose limitation, in alignment with international guidelines and national authorities. Core radiation dose metrics, diagnostic reference levels (DRLs), shielding requirements, facility design standards, operator safety protocols, and patient-centered protective strategies are discussed in depth. Special emphasis is placed on field-of-view selection, digital receptor efficiency, as low as reasonably achievable/as low as diagnostically acceptable/as low as diagnostically acceptable indication-oriented and patient-specific (ALARA/ALADA/ALADAIP) principles, personal dosimetry, occupational exposure limits, and pregnancy safety protocols. By integrating scientific foundations with practical implementation guidelines, this chapter equips clinicians, radiographers and students with the knowledge required to conduct dental radiographic examinations safely, effectively, and in full compliance with contemporary radiation protection standards.