The escalating crisis of plastic pollution has emerged as a defining environmental challenge of the Anthropocene, with disproportionate consequences for nations of the Global South. This chapter critically examines the multifaceted dimensions of this crisis, analyzes the potential conflicts between different legal regimes and proposed regulatory solutions. The analysis begins by foregrounding the lens of environmental justice, revealing the inequity between Global North and Global South. Through the export of plastic waste from highly consumptive economies in the Global North to less developed nations with weaker environmental regulations, the Global South is systematically transformed into a “pollution haven” and de facto dumping ground. The chapter then analyzes fragmentation in plastic pollution management, pointing out that fragmented architecture creates regulatory gaps, hinders coordinated waste management strategies, and introduces potential for treaty conflicts. It analyzes potential tensions that arise between trade-restrictive measures aimed at curbing plastic waste and the disciplines of the World Trade Organization, which prioritize trade liberalization and can be invoked to challenge such environmental provisions. In the context of ongoing negotiations for a new Global Plastics Convention, this analysis explores the potential conflicts between proposed plastics trade measures and existing mechanisms. The chapter concludes by advocating for an integrated approach as the only viable path forward. Such an approach could contribute to creating institutional synergies among fragmented legal regimes. It also argues that this integrated governance model must be explicitly grounded in the principles of environmental justice, ensuring that distributive equity, differentiated responsibilities, and procedural inclusiveness for Global South states are structurally embedded in the design of regulatory solutions.