One in every six fatalities worldwide is caused by the global health issue of cancer. Aside from recent significant advancements in stem cell therapy, targeted therapy, ablation therapy, natural antioxidants, and gene therapy, traditional treatment modalities are still in use. Oncology practises today concentrate on creating effective and safe cancer nanomedicines. The growth and spread of particular cancer cells can be prevented by targeted therapy, which also protects good cells from injury. Ablation therapy has become a minimally invasive method for freezing or burning tumours without performing open surgery. Natural antioxidants have shown promise in locating free radicals and counteracting their damaging effects, perhaps treating or preventing cancer. Clinical trials are being conducted on a number of innovative technologies, some of which have already received approval. An update on recent developments and discoveries in cancer therapy was provided in this review.