Sustainable Wastewater Utilization for Combined Energy Production and Plastic Pollution Mitigation via Biohydrogen and Polyhydroxyalkanoates
摘要
In this chapterPlastic pollution mitigation, anPlastics integrated approach to the combined treatment and exploitation of wastewater is presented, focusing on the concurrent production of biohydrogenBiohydrogen (BioH2) and polyhydroxyalkanoatesPolyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) through microbiological processes. The principles and microbiology of BioH2 production via dark fermentation are examined in detail, with particular emphasis on the key reactions responsible for generating volatile fatty acids (VFAs), which play a crucial role in controlling the efficiency of BioH2 production and serve as essential precursors for PHAPolyhydroxyalkanoates biosynthesis. The fundamentals of PHA biosynthesis by both pure and mixed microbial cultures are further explored, along with a discussion of the current advancements and limitations in industrial PHA production. Special attention is given to the advantages of utilizing acidogenic effluents as substrates for PHA production, addressing the current state of research, identifying existing challenges, and exploring the opportunities offered by this integrated strategy. The presented approach aligns with EU objectives for a circular economyCircular economy, sustainableSustainable energySustainable energy, andEnergy eco-friendly plasticPlastics production, providing a promising pathway for waste valorizationValorization and environmental protection.