The main ethical issues in conducting psychiatric morbidity surveys are concerned with respecting the voluntary nature of the exercise and the dignity and wellbeing of survey participants, and ensuring that information given is confidential, unbiased, used appropriately and stored securely. In this chapter, the ethical dimensions of many areas of the face-to-face survey process (developing the proposal, sampling individuals, interviewing procedures, data collection, analysis and dissemination) are considered, with particular reference to psychiatric morbidity research. Key issues include engaging people with lived experience, encouraging rather than coercing people to participate in the research, not causing distress, and ensuring that pledges of confidentiality are upheld. The further ethical considerations of being inclusive and surveying the mental health of different subpopulations—children, older people, prisoners and homeless people—are also highlighted.