“Long Live Mrs. Heiberg!”: Fame, Theater and the Birth of Fan Culture in Nineteenth-Century Copenhagen
摘要
This chapter explores the emergence of fan culture in nineteenth-century Copenhagen through the example of Johanne Luise Heiberg (1812–1890), the celebrated actress, director, and writer of the Royal Danish Theater. Drawing on contemporary accounts, correspondence, reviews and visual materials, it examines how Heiberg’s public image was constructed and maintained both on and beyond the stage. Particular attention is given to the 1842 premiere of Adam Oehlenschläger’s Dina, written specifically for Heiberg, which provoked unprecedented audience reactions – anticipating modern modes of celebrity worship and collective enthusiasm. The study situates these fannish practices within broader transformations of theater audiences and media culture during the Danish Golden Age, including the proliferation of portraits, commemorative objects and early forms of commercial advertising using Heiberg’s images. These visual and material traces reveal how admiration for an individual performer began to transcend the boundaries of the theater, foreshadowing later forms of mass-mediated stardom.