The following chapter examines the diversity of the correspondence theory of truth and its challenges. The core assertion of this theory is that truth is correspondence with reality. However, what counts as reality varies greatly, and it remains unclear what exactly is supposed to correspond. The distinction between thought and reality leads to complex further questions. Plato’s distinction between true belief and true knowledge emphasizes that knowledge must be based on concrete justification. This search for ultimate justifications from which all truths can be derived is central to Western philosophy. Aristotle, Thomas Aquinas, and Immanuel Kant are key philosophers who shaped the correspondence theory and at the same time raised critical questions about it.