Liberalism of a New Kind
摘要
As a letter to Eugène Stoffels dated July 24, 1836, documents, Tocqueville called himself a “libéral d’une espèce nouvelle” (OT V, 433). It is undisputed that with this statement, he wanted to express his growing distance from Victor de Broglie, François Guizot, and the circle of liberal doctrinaires, to whom he had felt close under the intellectual leadership of Pierre Paul Royer-Collard. What else is hidden behind the “liberalism of a new kind” remains to a certain degree speculative, as there is no coherent passage in Tocqueville’s work where he would have explicitly elaborated his related considerations. It seems plausible that Tocqueville perceived his own theoretical and political positioning as ‘new’, as it owed much to very different influences and models in the history of ideas (Ossewaarde 2004). The modern liberal considerations of Constant (see Chap. 24) or Guizot (see Chap. 27) can be traced in this amalgam as well as the conservatism à la Burke and Chateaubriand, the liberal-conservative eclecticism of Montesquieu, the radical republicanism of Rousseau or even the Christian convictions of Pascal (Boesche 1987).