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The successful coup of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte and the consequent downfall of the Second French Republic led Tocqueville, who had retired from public life for political and health reasons, to reflect more intensely than before on why freedom is permanently subordinate to equality in his homeland. He finds his answer in the long history of centralization (see Chap. 47), which he identifies as the deeper root of recurring democratic despotism and Caesarism in France.

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L’Ancien Régime et la Révolution (1856) (The Old Regime and the Revolution)

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Oliver Hidalgo

摘要

The successful coup of Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte and the consequent downfall of the Second French Republic led Tocqueville, who had retired from public life for political and health reasons, to reflect more intensely than before on why freedom is permanently subordinate to equality in his homeland. He finds his answer in the long history of centralization (see Chap. 47), which he identifies as the deeper root of recurring democratic despotism and Caesarism in France.