To address the question of identifying and evaluating ethical aspects of technology use, the conditions enabling ethical orientation are first reflected upon. Then elements of an orientation tool are presented, which can be used to analyze the underlying conceptions of humans and machines in the design and use of technical systems. Furthermore, the anthropological foundation underlying different forms of ethical reflection is outlined. Depending on the chosen theoretical standpoint, human vulnerability is conceptualized and ethically assessed in different ways. These differences are illustrated using two central ethical positions. Practical applicability is ensured by concluding with considerations on an orientation and evaluation process that takes into account anthropological and ethical aspects of technology development and use.