In recent years, music and medicine have come closer due to a significant increase in research activity and the stock of knowledge in many branches. Music therapy was long considered virtually the only link between the two subjects. This link is currently spreading out in a dynamic way, forming an innovative area of research characterized by a high degree of interdisciplinary and an evolved methodological quality; included here are both clinical and nonclinical contexts, as well as health promotion, quality of life and well-being over the span of a lifetime. The Music Physiology and Musicians’ Medicine discipline in particular has developed significantly in recent years. Here, musicians are trained at music universities and treated by specialised physicians and therapists according to the latest research findings