Dancing is a popular activity among larger parts of the general population of all ages. Its evolutionary and prehistorical origins are unknown. It is speculated that dance has been practiced in secular and sacral contexts for thousands of generations. The health and well-being implications of dancing are subject to systematic empirical studies only over the last decades. Despite methodological challenges and a paucity of high-quality research, dance and movement therapy has been ascribed high potential in alleviating symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases that affect the movement apparatus, and mental health issues. It is concluded that engagement in dance can have preventative, therapeutic, and rehabilitative potential in clinical and nonclinical settings.