Alternative Input Devices in Steer-by-Wire Vehicles
摘要
The introduction of steer-by-wire technology, which no longer requires a mechanical connection between the steering wheel and steering gear, opens up many new possibilities in the automotive industry. Besides the many possibilities and advantages regarding traffic and accident safety as well as driving experience, this technology also offers the possibility for alternative input devices instead of the classic steering wheel. This study deals with the possibility of using alternative input devices in vehicles instead of the steering wheel. The focus is on the development and testing of various input devices with force feedback. Different concepts of micro-steering wheels as well as a concept of a joystick were designed and manufactured, and tests were carried out on a simulator. On this simulator, initial tuning of the steering feel was performed, and the required steering angle ranges correspondingly to the anatomical limits of the various concepts were evaluated. For the dimensioning of the individual components, the occurring steering torques were also investigated. The fully developed concepts were implemented in a steer-by-wire vehicle with an adapted center console, and each has been individually tuned for steering feel on a test track. In different driving tests with all these various concepts, a subjective as well as an objective comparison between each other and with the classical steering wheel have been performed. Advantages and disadvantages regarding controllability, comfort, and user experience design as well as the limits of the applications and the possible use cases become clear.