The Sanctos no gosagueô is a collection of Christian hagiographies and spiritual writings published by the Jesuit mission press in Japan in 1591. Of all European-style books printed in romanized Japanese, it is the oldest still in existence today. The Sanctos is a valuable source for linguistic research, as it is the first book to have been translated from a European original into Japanese, and the first printed Roman transcription of a Japanese text. This chapter analyzes how European pilcrows and semicolons were used in the Sanctos, and highlights how the printers experimented with the translation of European punctuation into Japanese, for the convenience of its primary readership—European missionaries who were not used to reading Japanese texts. Analysis of the use of punctuation in the Sanctos provides further support for the hypothesis that volume two of the Sanctos was printed before volume one.