Chapter 6 presents the results and discussion of the fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) regarding the structural foundations of less restrictive migration governance for low-skilled occupations (LILSO). Addressing the study’s first research question, the analysis identifies the configurations of institutional and historical conditions that lead to the Liberal Numbers Model (LIBNUM) and the Liberal Rights Model (LIBRIGHTS). The findings reveal that no single condition is necessary for either model; instead, openness emerges from specific conjunctures of factors. For the Liberal Numbers Model, the results challenge conventional path-dependency theories, suggesting that classical pro-immigration legacies—such as settler-state or colonial histories—actually hinder numerical openness. Instead, numerical expansion typically occurs in inclusive, solidarity-based (‘internally INclusive’) societies where historical legacies are absent, and rights remain restricted. Conversely, the Liberal Rights Model is strongly associated with exclusive, market-oriented (‘internally EXclusive’) democratic structures, where low electoral proportionality or high government discretion facilitates the granting of more comprehensive rights by insulating policy-makers from broad electoral pressures. Crucially, the chapter provides a nuanced revision of the ‘numbers versus rights’ trade-off hypothesis. It demonstrates that while a trade-off exists in inclusive societies, a positive correlation between numbers and rights emerges in exclusive societal settings. Through a systematic evaluation of typical and deviant cases, including in-depth discussions of Denmark, Germany, Japan, and New Zealand, the chapter establishes that the relationship between admission levels and migrant rights is fundamentally contingent upon the broader societal and political architecture. These insights provide the structural context for the study’s subsequent analysis of migration policy change.