Questions of gender have not been at the forefront of International Relations (IR)—even lesser so, when dealing with terrorism. On the contrary, IR is marked by the myths of the inherent peaceful woman who needs protection by the male connotated state. Considering these myths, our article makes the case for a gender-sensitive perspective in terrorism research and in the analysis of terrorism within IR. For one, we show the added value of this perspective at the epistemological level when terrorism research is combined with feminist research in IR. Second, at the ontological level we offer a gender-sensitive analysis of the radicalization processes of seven German men and women in jihadist Salafism who had either left for Syria or Iraq or attempted to join jihadist organizations. We conclude that only by systematically applying a gender-sensitive perspective a complete picture of terrorism and radicalization processes can be established, and more effective long-term prevention measures can be developed.