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This chapter examines the ideological, political, and symbolic characteristics of Poland’s two main right-wing populist parties: Law and Justice (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość) and Confederation (Konfederacja). Including Poland’s historical far-right traditions, the author explores whether these parties can be classified as radical, populist, or far-right formations. Using historical, comparative, and content analysis methods, the study argues that while Confederation fully meets the criteria of a far-right grouping, PiS represents a populist, illiberal party with elements of far-right ideology. The chapter highlights PiS’s construction of an illiberal state through judicial and media control, nationalist rhetoric, and restrictive policies on women’s and LGBTQ+ rights, contrasting this with Confederation’s libertarian and nationalistic stance. Despite an electoral shift in 2023, the strength of these right-wing movements reflects the persistent resonance of conservative, anti-leftist, and anti-liberal narratives within Polish society.

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Populist, Illiberal, Radical, New or Far? What Kind of the Polish Right?

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年

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  • Bartosz Rydlinski

摘要

This chapter examines the ideological, political, and symbolic characteristics of Poland’s two main right-wing populist parties: Law and Justice (PiS, Prawo i Sprawiedliwość) and Confederation (Konfederacja). Including Poland’s historical far-right traditions, the author explores whether these parties can be classified as radical, populist, or far-right formations. Using historical, comparative, and content analysis methods, the study argues that while Confederation fully meets the criteria of a far-right grouping, PiS represents a populist, illiberal party with elements of far-right ideology. The chapter highlights PiS’s construction of an illiberal state through judicial and media control, nationalist rhetoric, and restrictive policies on women’s and LGBTQ+ rights, contrasting this with Confederation’s libertarian and nationalistic stance. Despite an electoral shift in 2023, the strength of these right-wing movements reflects the persistent resonance of conservative, anti-leftist, and anti-liberal narratives within Polish society.