This part of the thesis focused on the second research question, namely how electoral integrity and its dimensions can be measured among citizens using survey items. To this end, Part III proceeded in three steps: In Chap. 10, established survey items intended to measure citizens’ perceptions of electoral integrity were reviewed and their ability to capture the conceptualization presented in Part II of this thesis was critically assessed. Section 10.2 argued that an appropriate measurement instrument matching the theoretical conceptualization should be multi-item, entail multiple items per dimension, must capture all dimensions of electoral integrity relevant to citizens, and should apply non-dichotomous response scales. The chapter concluded that none of the established instruments in the field fulfill all these criteria and consequently a new measurement instrument is needed to comprehensively assess citizens’ perceptions of electoral integrity.