When discussing existing societal inequalities and policies to reduce them, the terms ‘equality’, ‘diversity’ and ‘inclusion’ are not always clearly defined or differentiated. This is problematic given the different objectives associated with these concepts, as it can lead to the ineffective implementation of policies. At the same time, however, these different approaches also share commonalities that are often overlooked in discussions. This chapter outlines the evolution of the theoretical concepts that have informed policymaking and examines their implementation through specific examples from the higher education sector, it illustrates the implementation of these concepts and argues, with reference to the concept of reflexive equality policy, that further policy development could exploit synergies.