Over the five-year duration of the Research Association NRW Digital Society numerous aspects of the digital structural transformation of society were investigated. The central aims of the initiative included the promotion of excellent research—particularly through the training and qualification of outstanding early career researchers—the maintenance of interdisciplinary perspectives on the research topics, the national and international networking of participants, the international visibility of the research, and the development of key competencies. Overall, all participating projects have contributed within their respective research fields to an enhanced understanding of the impact of digitalization on our everyday lives. The chapter concludes with a discussion of whether the social consequences of digitization should be examined from an interdisciplinary perspective, within the framework of a separate discipline or or possibly within a research field, such as Digitalization Research.