This chapter addresses the question of whether serious alternatives have emerged from the critique of capitalism, or whether the critique merely remains at the level of critique. Of particular interest is whether there are viable and realistic alternatives that do not lead down the well-trodden path of socialism and communism. At this point, various real and ideal forms of socialism and communism from the past and present are discussed, as well as newer approaches such as the “post-growth economy” and the “common good economy”. On this basis, it is determined whether another approach might offer a possibility for practical and widespread implementation: Social market economy reloaded.