In this article, we trace the reception of evolutionary and biosocial research in sociology over time. In doing so, we also illustrate the diversity of approaches within sociology that engage with this research and are summarized under the terms “Evolutionary Sociology and Biosociology” (EBS). In the historical part of our contribution, we discuss the importance of the Finnish sociologist Edward Westermarck as the intellectual “originator” of EBS. We further show that attempts to make biological and evolutionary concepts useful for sociology failed twice in the 20th century, each time immediately after important turning points in the biology of human behavior: in the decades after Darwin’s “Origin of Species” and in the years after Wilson’s “Sociobiology”. However, today, sociology constructively adopts biological and evolutionary concepts in various ways and implements them into sociological research. Evolutionary and biosocial research within sociology is fairly well established today, albeit with varying degrees of institutionalization depending on the subfield. Therefore, we expect that EBS will likely play an increasingly important role in the discipline in the coming years.