We humans are born into environments that are shaped not only by our contemporaries, but significantly by our ancestors. These environmental influences largely stem from behavior that is itself shaped by non-genetic information transmission. Today, there are almost no habitats on the planet that are not heavily anthropogenically shaped. The concept of the Anthropocene emphasizes the comprehensive and lasting shaping of the geosphere, including the biosphere, by humans. The anthropogenic imprint extends not only quantitatively in space and time, but also qualitatively changes the dynamics of the Earth system and its material and energy cycles. The evolutionarily new aspect of this is that for the first time a single species has such effects and secondly, that this happens due to cultural capabilities. I argue that the Anthropocene is suitable for bringing together central insights of an evolutionary social science in an analytically substantiated synthesis. In a diachronic perspective, the concept of the Anthropocene motivates us to think together natural history and cultural history. Models of social evolution as long-term history of societies would have to be intertwined with models of natural history in the form of co-evolution theories. In particular, concepts of niche construction (niche construction) can make an important synthesizing as well as differentiating contribution. The thesis of the contribution is that the concept of the Anthropocene, in the context of a mega macro crisis, brings to the point central insights into fundamental mechanisms of niche construction and co-evolution of human collectives. (I thank the editors for very good improvement suggestions and Oliver Schlaudt for his stimulating feedback on an earlier version of the list of desiderata at the end. The rights to all errors remain solely with the author).