Discriminant analysis is a multivariate procedure for the analysis of group differences. It allows examining the difference between two or more groups with respect to a variety of variables in order to answer questions such as: Do the considered groups differ significantly from each other with respect to the variables? Which variables are suitable or unsuitable for distinguishing between the groups? While the analysis of group differences serves primarily scientific purposes, the determination or prediction of the group membership of new elements (classification) is of direct practical relevance. The question then is: Which group does a ‘new’ observation belong to based on its describing variables? The chapter describes discriminant analysis for cases with two or more groups.