It would be impossible to include all the important aspects of the history of Yucatan in a single chapter. However, this chapter provides important background information—based on classic works on the history of Yucatan—on certain aspects that might be considered relevant to the present thesis that will be discussed within the empirical chapter. Before starting with a brief introduction of Yucatan, it should be emphasized that within this research ‘Yucatan’ does not refer to the entirety of the Yucatan Peninsula, but solely to the state of Yucatan, unless noted specifically.