This chapter explores the historical evolution and ongoing reforms of parental leave, with emphasis on four key aspects: duration, sharing, monetary compensation, and flexibility. Section 5.1 introduces the diverse landscape of parental leave policies and their impact on parental behaviour, culminating in a blueprint for an ideal policy that challenges traditional gender roles, addresses economic barriers, and fosters gender equality. Turning to fathers, Section 5.2 acknowledges their evolving role in child-rearing, particularly examining the impact of the duration of paternal leave on egalitarian parenting. To address the second sub-research question, hypotheses 1 and 2 are developed. Section 5.3 explores causal relationships and discusses the impact of egalitarian leave policies on fathers’ time allocation. Thus, this section addresses the third sub-research question and outlines it in hypotheses. Overall, this chapter lays the groundwork for a comprehensive analysis of paternal leave policies and their impact on achieving egalitarian family dynamics. In brief, the objective is to address the question posed at the end of the previous chapter: How can policy design encourage fathers to take parental leave and play a more active role in parenting?