In the armed forces, group, platoon, or unit cohesion may have observable effects, e.g., on performance, motivation, morale, and also on discipline problems. Cohesion may be experienced towards the close squad or platoon, but also towards the battalion or even the whole armed forces of the nation. Cohesion may also be experienced vertically, between leaders and subordinates. The aim of the chapter is to examine platoon cohesion during conscription from the perspective of the conscripts in six countries (Estonia, Finland, Lithuania, Norway, Sweden, and Switzerland). In addition to the descriptive results on national differences in platoon cohesion, also differences due to gender, ethnicity, and voluntariness were studied. For the Lithuanian sample it was also possible to compare results in platoon cohesion prior to and after Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine, between 2021 and 2022. Highest levels of cohesion were observed for the Nordic countries, Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Voluntary conscripts reported higher cohesion than the drafted ones only in the Lithuanian 2021 sample, and ethnicity led to effect on cohesion only in the Estonian sample. Overall, cohesion correlated positively with leadership, willingness to defend one’s country, and ability to cope with the mental pressure of conscript training.