The two examples in the first quote, a peasant from a marginal Italian region and a female Islamic student in a central German city, seem tailor-made for this research carried out between Italy and Germany on the educational experiences of individuals from Arab countries. There is considerable debate about migration in Europe from African or Asian countries, but who are these migrants and how do their identities relate to European education? Is European education homogenous? Are European countries a homogeneous place to arrive at? To what extent does education attempt and succeed in questioning the cultural dimension of school inclusion, which is composed of collective traditions, national and local histories, and individual educational paths?