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Safety issues are a common challenge in organizations. While occupational health and safety developed a lot of methods and measures to improve safety standards in companies, psychology also developed approaches regarding safety management. One of these approaches—the 4E—is used in traffic psychology in order to increase the safety within the traffic environment. Translating this approach to a general safety perspective means that 1) enforcement, 2) education, 3) encouragement and 4) engineering measures are all used in a concerted way as a safety management strategy. Finally, the paper summarizes open research gaps which are the systematic investigation of the effects of the concerted introduction of the E’s as well as possible further expansions of the concept based on the topic of safety culture.

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Learning from (Traffic) Psychology—The 4-E of Safety Management

  • 章节

  • 发表日期：

    2025年

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  • Nicola Fricke,
  • Nadine Schlueter

摘要

Safety issues are a common challenge in organizations. While occupational health and safety developed a lot of methods and measures to improve safety standards in companies, psychology also developed approaches regarding safety management. One of these approaches—the 4E—is used in traffic psychology in order to increase the safety within the traffic environment. Translating this approach to a general safety perspective means that 1) enforcement, 2) education, 3) encouragement and 4) engineering measures are all used in a concerted way as a safety management strategy. Finally, the paper summarizes open research gaps which are the systematic investigation of the effects of the concerted introduction of the E’s as well as possible further expansions of the concept based on the topic of safety culture.