Reason
摘要
In his essay “Philosophy and Critical Theory,” Horkheimer more or less directly states that the project name Critical Theory is a pseudonym for Marx’s Theory. He emphasizes that “critical theory preserves the legacy of philosophy as such, beyond that of German idealism.” It is “not just any research hypothesis that proves its usefulness in the prevailing operation,” but “an inseparable moment of the historical effort to create a world that meets the needs and powers of people.” Critical Theory does not claim to stand above the individual sciences. The program of the Frankfurt Institute postulated a “interaction between critical theory and the specialized sciences, to the progress of which it constantly has to orient itself and on which it has been exerting a liberating and stimulating influence for decades.” Their goal is not knowledge for its own sake. Critical Theory rather seeks knowledge in the practical interest of liberation.