Infection of female genital tract is a spectrum of infectious diseases that present to outpatient clinics on daily basis. Vaginitis may be self-diagnosed and treated by many women using over-the-counter medications. However, self-diagnosis is not accurate, and gynecologists should be aware of differential diagnosis, work-up, and treatment of difficult cases. Pelvic inflammatory disease is a serious infection that should be diagnosed and early and treated appropriately to reduce the risk of short-term and long-term complications. In this chapter, we discuss different types of genital tract infection, their diagnosis, treatment, and prevention strategies