Hodgkin lymphoma represents a rare but highly curable malignancy of the lymphatic system, primarily affecting adolescents and young adults. It is histopathologically defined by the presence of Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells. Although the precise etiology remains unclear, Epstein-Barr virus infection, genetic predisposition, and environmental factors have been identified as potentially contributing factors. Modern diagnostic algorithms are based on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET), which is the standard for disease staging, therapy planning, and response assessment. PET enables individualized treatment adaptation, maintaining high cure rates while minimizing acute and long-term toxicities. New immunotherapies and PET-derived biomarkers are likely to play an important role in the continued personalization of Hodgkin lymphoma treatment.