This chapter addresses the challenge of patient safety within the context of Mexico’s growing medical student population. It posits that preventable patient harm is a global public health issue, often stemming from insufficient training and communication failures. As a solution, the chapter proposes medical simulation as a fundamental pedagogical tool for developing clinical competencies in a safe environment. The central argument focuses on debriefing as the most crucial phase of the simulation process, as it enables deep reflective learning and the transfer of skills to the clinical setting. It underscores that the effectiveness of debriefing is critically dependent on creating an environment of psychological safety, where students can analyze errors and dilemmas without fear. The chapter concludes that, beyond technical training, the true potential of simulation is realized by systematically integrating bioethics into the debriefing. This transforms simulation into a space for forging a moral compass, preparing future professionals not only for clinical challenges but also for the ethical responsibilities inherent in medical practice.