This chapter examines the remarkable convergence between traditional proverbial wisdom and modern behavioral and neuroeconomic research. Long before formal utility theory or brain imaging, communities worldwide distilled observations of human decision-making into concise heuristics—proverbs that captured systematic patterns in risk assessment, time preference, and cognitive bias. The chapter demonstrates how sayings such as “A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush” anticipate loss aversion and prospect theory, while “A fool and his money are soon parted” reflects bounded rationality and present bias. Proverbs also encode ecological rationality, recognizing that optimal strategies—whether patience or immediacy, caution or boldness—depend on context. Neuroeconomic evidence reveals neural substrates underlying these intuitions, from dopaminergic reward pathways to prefrontal executive control. The chapter argues that proverbs function as culturally transmitted decision tools, offering a bridge between folk wisdom and scientific models of choice under uncertainty.