This chapter compares the concepts of esports, online gaming, and addiction. Nowadays, online games have become an important part of daily life for young individuals and adults. On one hand, this phenomenon has led to gaming addiction, which negatively impacts on people’s academic, professional, and sociable lives; on the other hand, it has become a professional career in esports. Whereas gaming addiction leads to problems such as loss of control and decreased functional ability, the esports career offers a competitive atmosphere that provides discipline, critical thinking, teamwork, and economic opportunities. This chapter examines the psychological, social, and biological components of addiction and discusses the development of esports and the benefits it offers individuals. In conclusion, it is emphasized that online games have both risk factors and opportunities, and therefore, under the right conditions, they can provide social, cognitive, and economic contributions to individuals.