Zero Trust Security Architecture (ZTSA) is a modern cybersecurity framework that overcome the limitations of the traditional network security system. This research article examines the ZSTA, the working of ZSTA, and the importance of continuously verifying every user, device and activity in the network. Furthermore, the research also discusses the key roles of authentication and access control in the ZSTA framework. In addition, this research examines the traditional network security mechanisms like encryption, micro-segmentation and automation in protecting zero trust networks. Moreover, the research analyzes the challenges and future research directions for zero trust hence provides the valuable insights to the scholars, practitioners and policymakers. The work further helps to develop more secure zero trust network especially in critical infrastructures, by deepening the understanding of zero trust.