Traditional restorative dental treatments may face several inherent challenges that can lead to inconsistent patient outcomes. These include significant variability in clinician expertise, the subjective nature of diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as possible resource limitations. The ability of AI to process vast amounts of data quickly and accurately has potential to mitigate these issues, enabling more reliable diagnoses and standardized treatment plans. This chapter will discuss the role of AI algorithms and software programs in the automated diagnosis of caries and tooth wear, illustrated by related clinical cases.