Among the requirements of artificial intelligence (AI) systems in dentistry are vast amounts of high-quality and expertly labeled data. In dental radiology, labeled data (also known as “annotated data”) can be created by human experts by manually identifying and marking features of interest on an image. In this context, anatomical structures and tooth parts and can be detected, measured, and classified in relation to patient demographic features, such as age and gender. This chapter discusses the usefulness of AI-assisted assessment of teeth and maxillofacial anatomy in dentistry.