In developing nations, urban agriculture is a major socioeconomic factor in addressing the challenges of eradicating hunger, enhancing food security, and enhancing people’s everyday social interactions. The release of poorly treated municipal, industrial, and residential wastewater into the environment, which deteriorates the quality of the soil and water, is one of the prevalent environmental issues in India’s semi-urban areas. Nevertheless, limited research has been done on the accumulation of contaminants like heavy metals in fresh produce, as well as the assessment of the quality of water used for irrigation in urban agriculture. Due to the depletion of freshwater supplies, Indian farmers have turned to wastewater as a readily available, affordable, and nutrient-rich source of irrigation water. Nevertheless, this has resulted in a greater transfer of pollutants into the soil. Heavy metals, which include cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and a few others, are referred to as persistent pollutants because of their extended biological half-lives, non-biodegradable nature, and biological interactions. The surfaces of the soil may bind to these heavy metals, which plant tissues can then absorb. Vegetables provide vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and other micronutrients that are necessary for human growth. Thus, eating fruits and/or vegetables grown on land that receives irrigation from wastewater could be dangerous for people. It’s critical to evaluate the effects of wastewater irrigation since the demand for irrigation water in Indian (semi-)urban regions is so high that it is impossible to completely eradicate.