Indigenous peoples’ landscape management practices are integral to biodiversity conservation and sustainable resource use. Women, especially in rural and mountainous areas, are central to environmental management as primary land, forests, and water users. They play key roles in wild plant gathering, home gardening, and biodiversity management. However, socio-cultural and economic barriers often hinder their full participation in decision-making regarding the conservation and management of natural resources, limiting their contribution to sustainable development. Aaranyak, an Assam-based NGO, empowers local communities, particularly women, through alternative livelihood initiatives that reduce dependence on forest resources. One of its key initiatives, the Pirbi-Karbi Ethnic Haat, fosters a community-driven business model that emphasizes fair trade and reinvestment into biodiversity conservation. Launched in 2019, Pirbi exemplifies a successful partnership between community development and ecosystem management. The Yaongyimchen Community Conserved Area (YCBCA) in Nagaland is an example of indigenous-led conservation. Driven by local communities, women, and students, it addressed concerns over tree loss, wildlife depletion, and water scarcity. The community banned hunting and logging to protect wildlife, forests, and water sources. Focused on the Amur Falcon conservation, this initiative has revived wildlife populations and promoted sustainable practices such as fruit orchards, piggeries, and ginger cultivation. Similarly, Sikkim’s Organic Agro Tourism initiative focuses on women’s empowerment and eco-friendly practices. Nagaland’s Satoyama project is one of the remarkable efforts of conserving biodiversity through traditional conservation practices in the form of community-conserved areas (CCAs) and ecotourism models, fostering sustainable livelihoods while addressing anthropogenic impacts on biodiversity and ecosystems.