After the 1755 Earthquake, the reconstruction of Lisbon in the context of the government of the Marquês de Pombal (1750/1756–1777), adopted an urban planning formula with an Enlightenment matrix (Baixa de Lisboa: Manuel da Maia, Eugénio dos Santos, Carlos Mardel, 1756–57). Shortly afterwards, we saw the application and decline of this type of program in “new” cities, such as Vila Real de Santo António (Vila Real de Arenilha), in the Algarve (Reinaldo Manuel dos Santos, 1774). But it is also worth noting the incomplete creation of the small town of Porto Covo (Henrique Guilherme de Oliveira, 1794), in a process of internal colonization of the territory of Sines (Alentejo). Some radical options are then theorized, such as the one that José de Figueiredo Seixas (?–1773) proposes in his curious Treatise of Ruação, seventeenth century XVIII) or partially built, such as Manique do Intendente, near Lisbon (attrib. Fortunato de Novaes, 1791). In Brazil, broad territorial expansion projects are highlighted, with new axes and expansions based on the Enlightenment program (Rio, Macapá, Mazagão, Vila Bela, S. João de Parnaíba, Portalegre…). It is a process that has antecedents and parallels in the actions of Carlos VII or Fernando IV, and in Italian urban proposals in the southern regions, such as, Santa Eufemia, Cortale, Seminara, Palmi, Mileto, Borgia, San Lorenzo, Servigniano or San Leuccio (c.1770–1800).