Nursing Interventions for Patients in Palliative Care in the Last Days and Hours of Life
摘要
The Last Days and Hours of Life (LDHL) phase is marked by a progressive deterioration of the patient, with physical, psychosocial, and spiritual manifestations. Achieving a “good death” involves symptom control, decision-making, a sense of completion, and social connection. Nurses are in a privileged position in the provision of care due to their close relationship with the patient and family, and should intervene to promote comfort. Objective: The aim of this study is to map nursing interventions in the care of patient in palliative situations during the LDHL phase and their families. Materials and Methods: The Joanna Briggs Institute methodology was used to conduct the scoping review. The search was carried out across different databases. The Rayyan platform was used for article management, and article validation was performed by three reviewers. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 18 articles were included in the scoping review. Results: The findings were grouped into the following thematic areas: the importance of preserving dignity in identifying that the patient is in the LDHL phase; nursing interventions in the control of physical, spiritual, and psychosocial symptoms; and the intensification of care for the patient’s family during the LDHL phase. Conclusions: Identifying nursing interventions in the care of patient in the LDHL phase and their families is crucial to provide compassionate and effective support, promoting individualized care that takes into account their needs at this stage, and leading to the continuous improvement of nursing care.