Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) are the single most effective intervention to reduce mortality and morbidity of preterm infants. In this chapter, we will review the rationale for the use of ACS, their mechanism of action, the most recent evidence regarding the benefits and potential risks associated with ACS, the most commonly used regimens of ACS, and the optimal timing of administration. We will also summarize the current recommendations of professional societies regarding the administration of ACS. Finally, we discuss the remaining questions and future research directions regarding ACS.

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Antenatal Corticosteroids for the Prevention of Mortality and Morbidity in Preterm Infants

  • Nir Melamed,
  • Elizabeth Asztalos

摘要

Preterm birth is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity. Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) are the single most effective intervention to reduce mortality and morbidity of preterm infants. In this chapter, we will review the rationale for the use of ACS, their mechanism of action, the most recent evidence regarding the benefits and potential risks associated with ACS, the most commonly used regimens of ACS, and the optimal timing of administration. We will also summarize the current recommendations of professional societies regarding the administration of ACS. Finally, we discuss the remaining questions and future research directions regarding ACS.