The transition towards sustainable construction hinges on minimizing carbon emissions through innovative techniques and the integration of renewable, bio-based components in building materials. This study analyses experimentally and numerically the thermal performance of 3D printed cement-lime mortars with microencapsulated Phase Change Materials (PCM) and Cellulose Fibers for architectural applications in multi-layered building enclosures. Mortars with and without 20% of PCM by volume and fibers were compared. A thermal evaluation was carried out on multilayer specimens with a mortar layer plus a thermal insulation layer, applying cooling-heating dynamic cycles using a climate chamber. Two types of mortar specimens were compared: a cast-in mold plate and a 3D-printed plate. The set-up produced a one-dimension heat flow, perpendicular to the multi-layered specimen. Based on the experimental results, a computational model for transient heat transfer and thermal energy storage was proposed. Assuming ideal homogeneous thermal conduction between layers, a one-dimensional heat conduction finite element model was implemented, providing a framework for comparison between simulated and experimental results. The comparison allows a better understanding of the tested mortars thermal performance.