Powder bed 3D printing technology enables the fabrication of complex geometries with high precision. Its ability to produce both structural and functional elements relies on tailored binder liquid and precise control of binder ejection from the print head. Binder jetting print heads are equipped with piezoelectric actuators and membranes, where a piezoelectric signal drives membrane motion to eject droplets through the nozzle. The ejection process is governed by the binder’s physical properties in combination with waveform parameters defined by the user. This study presents a systematic development of binder liquids aimed at achieving precise deposition and high-quality printing. To optimize jetting behavior and ejection stability, carefully designed waveforms are essential. Liquid binders with varying surface tension and viscosity were tested under different waveform configurations. Each binder, characterized by its unique physical properties, was evaluated for droplet formation behavior under specific waveform settings. Key parameters such as pulse velocity, pulse voltage, pulse spacing, frequency, and membrane actuation timing were thoroughly analyzed. The findings provide insights into effective waveform tuning strategies for stable and consistent droplet generation. This understanding supports the advancement of binder liquid formulations and print head operations, ultimately contributing to improved precision and reliability in powder bed 3D printing.

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Powder Bed 3D Printing Systems: Influence of Waveform Parameters on Jetting Behaviour and Ejection Stability

  • Kala Kondepudi,
  • Albert Gomzyakov,
  • Marco Liebscher,
  • Viktor Mechtcherine

摘要

Powder bed 3D printing technology enables the fabrication of complex geometries with high precision. Its ability to produce both structural and functional elements relies on tailored binder liquid and precise control of binder ejection from the print head. Binder jetting print heads are equipped with piezoelectric actuators and membranes, where a piezoelectric signal drives membrane motion to eject droplets through the nozzle. The ejection process is governed by the binder’s physical properties in combination with waveform parameters defined by the user. This study presents a systematic development of binder liquids aimed at achieving precise deposition and high-quality printing. To optimize jetting behavior and ejection stability, carefully designed waveforms are essential. Liquid binders with varying surface tension and viscosity were tested under different waveform configurations. Each binder, characterized by its unique physical properties, was evaluated for droplet formation behavior under specific waveform settings. Key parameters such as pulse velocity, pulse voltage, pulse spacing, frequency, and membrane actuation timing were thoroughly analyzed. The findings provide insights into effective waveform tuning strategies for stable and consistent droplet generation. This understanding supports the advancement of binder liquid formulations and print head operations, ultimately contributing to improved precision and reliability in powder bed 3D printing.