This study is dedicated to exploring a unique landscape element in the forest-steppe Tobol region, historically referred to in scholarship as “dunes.” It outlines the history of the term’s emergence and the historiography of research on “dune sites.” This work briefly describes the results of archaeological survey at the Tashkovskaya Dune during the 2023 field season. In total, 12 archaeological sites and one find spot were mapped, including both previously known and newly discovered locations. most sites (10 out of 12) were associated with the eastern half of the Tashkovskaya Dune, while two were linked to the western half, which remains insufficiently surveyed. Some sites may still remain unidentified, and their number could increase with further research. With a survey route spanning approximately 10 km, the density of sites amounts to 1 site per 1 km, or 1 site per 65 hectares. The overwhelming majority of the sites contain cultural layers from the Neolithic and Eneolithic periods. The most extensive collection was obtained from the Neolithic-era Tashkovo I site. A technical and technological analysis was conducted on the ceramics from this collection. The findings highlight Neolithic potters’ skills in selecting raw materials and preparing formative masses, as well as potential cultural connections between populations of the forest-steppe Tobol region, the middle Trans-Urals, and southwestern Siberia during the Neolithic period.